Variable-speed transmission mechanism



April 30, 1929- w. B. BRONANDER 1,711,038

VARIABLE SPEED TRANSMISSION MEGHANISM Filed June 6, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet l ummm l Vlllll] f? O O J7 o o 6* c1v o' INVENToR Wie/m 3707707763 BY MJL d# ATTORNEY April 30,1929.

W. B. BRONANDER vVARIABLE SPEED TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed June G, 1925 s sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR W/7/7e/m ,557027077070 l BY *ATORNS April 30, 1929- l w. B. BRONNDER 1,711,038

` VARIABLE SPEED TRANSMISSION MECHNISM Filed June e, 1925 5 sheets-sneer 3 /WA Il!! X42 mllllilw:

INVENToR vTTRNE S.

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Patented Apr. 30, 1929.

'UNITED stares WILHELM B. BRONANDER, F MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

VARIABLE-SPEED TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

appiiaim inea aan@ e, 1925. serial Nb. 35,470.V

invention relates to variable speed iruusmi .on gearing.

its i well known, practically all of the change speed mechanisnis heretofore devised i for a limited number of speed a.. and in changing from one speed lo another, speed and driving effort are lost. iii'oreovea 7ith most of such devices the chang must be effected vvith considerable care and requires considerable skill since certain gears are thrown out of mesh and other gears are thrown into mesh.

This invention has for its salient object to provide mec ianism or gearing by means of which any speed from Zero to maximum can be readily and easily obtained by the manipulation of simple control means requiring no skill or care for its operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide variable speed mechanism or gearing by means of which an infinite variety of speeds ranging from zero to maximum can be obtained at the will of the voperator and Without loss of driving effort or spoed during` the transitional period.

Further objects of the invention Will appear from the i'ollowing specification taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part of this application, and in which Fig. 1 is an elevational view of trans mission or gearing constructed in accordance With the invention. i

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. l.

Fig. :is a sectional elevation taken substantially on line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

lfig. 4 is an elevational view of the structure shown in Fig. 1 looking toward the left.

Fig. 5 is a top plan View of another form ol" gearing constructed in accordance With the invention, and

FiOf. G is a sectional elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 5.

rllhe invention brieiiy described comprises planetary gearing consisting' of the usual ring gear, planet gears and pinion and in carrying out one form of the invention, the drive shaft is operatively connected to drive the planet gears and is also operatively connected through change speed mechanism to drive the pinion. The ring gear in this embodiment is connected to the driven shaft. The gearing and change speed mechanism are so proportioned that the driven shaft `can be started at the minimum or W speed and can be brought up to maximum speed gradually. Furtlu-nmoreg the parts are so constructed and arranged that the driven shaft I will he rotated at a minimum speed when the pinion is rotated at maximum speed and will be driven at maximum speed When the )inion is rotating at zero speed or, in other Words, is not rotating. y

In the other embodiment of the invention. .the ring gear and the pinion are operatively connected to the drive shaft and the planet gears are connected to the driven shai't. In this case, as before, the speed of rotation of the pinion is varied from maximum to zero and as this variation .is accomplished, the speed of the driven shaft Will he varied from low speed to maximum speed.

.Further details of the invention will ap pear from the following description.

itesm-pitten of structure show/1i a Figs. 1 to .4 inclusive.

A motor 10 is illustrated as the source `of power and the motor shaft 11 is connected to drive a shaft 12 by means of a clutch 13. The clutch sect-ions 14 and 15 are permitted a slight relative movement for purposes hereinafter set forth.

A ring gear 20 of the planetary gearing is connected to the driven shaft 21 mounted in bearings 22 and 23. Planet gears 25 are carried by a spider 26 and the spider is secured Within a Worm gear 27 having a sleeve 28 surrounding the shaft 21. The spider is n'iounted in ball bearings 29 andis secured to the worm gear by screws 30.

The pinion 31 is carried by a shaft 32 suported at one end in a bearing 33 and having its opposite end reduced as shown at 3e and extending into the recessed end of y the shaft 21.

The motor driven shaft 12, which may be termed the drive shaft, has mounted thereon. a Worm 35 which meshes with and is adapted to drive the worm gear 27.

The shaft 12 also has secured thereto a disk 410 which is adapted to drive a disk 41 disposed at right angles to the disk 40 and slidably splined on a shaft 412 mounted in hearings 113 and 14. Any suitable means can be utilized for sliding the disk 41 on the shaft 4t2 such as a screw 45 having a a 931 50 which meshes yoke or bitnroeted end 46 engaging; a grooved Collar 47.

The shaft "12 has secured to its other end with the gein mounted on the shaft 32.

Means ie; provided tor shitting:l the elmxtt 12 longitudinally to :i slight extent to move the disk bl ont ot' mesh with the dink ell.. Tliie ineens. as illnstraledj oonipr eerew having` secured to one end thereo'iE e lever G and adopted to engnge n thrnet beering 57 :it one end oi? the slnfitt 12. As 'the lever is moved. to rotnte the fserew, :i thrnet willbe placed on the .f-:hzlift 15') thns. 'ier-einig the disk L1() ont o' mesh with the disk eil, this movement being,` permitted by the elnteh seotione 14; und

In order to z-itop the disk Lil iroin rotating` when the dink 41) is moved ont ot eontnet therewith, :i brake bond o() is secured to the lower end G1 oli the lever ilo, the opposite end ofthe brake hond heine' lined :ie shown zit- 68; ik toothed segment sind e. elidzihlo portion G5 Carried by the lever nre provided for the purpose ot holding.;l the le in ndjnsted poeition.

(Mmm/Pion alt .struc/finie ifm/wn 'in` Figs. .it to 4,' inclusi/im.

The gearing` iibove deseribed operates ne tollowsi Then the motor or othei.' sioin'ee oii M power is stnrted, the disk 411 will be dieposed :it the periphery oti the disk 10. lilith the ports so positioned ond with the gearing.; pi'oportioned enbetentinlly es illustrated, the shaft 21 will not be rotntedieinee the pinion 51 will berotntei'l et .maximum npeed and si t suoli n speed that the rotation oi thisy pinion through the disks #Il-.0, Ll1. und gearing il and 51 will neutralize the rotation ot the plnnet genre by means ot the worm lo and worm geni' 2T. The ringv gear 2() will, therefore7 not be rotated at all.

As the die-k @t1 is shifted toward the een-- ter of rotation olf thev disk 410, the speed of rotation of the pinion 31 will be decreased and es the `epeed oit rotation oi" this` pinion is decreased, the speed of rotation ot the shaft 21 will be correspondingly increased. After the dink 11 hns been moved 'inwardly on. the shai't as :ter as possible, the .lever 1G` een be swung on its pivot in :in enticloekwise direction (see Fig. :ind this will` conse the disk 40 to be moved ont ot eontnet with the disk L11 and also will nenne the brake bend` 6() to grip the disk 411 thereby stopping' the rotation` of the pinion their the pinion 31 is held Jfrom rotation, the ehn'tt 21 will be rotated :it its mexin'nnn speed.

The movement of the disk 4.0 ont of Contact with disk ll1 operates in the seme man ner as throwing ont the elnteh in other drives.

lt will be obvious that the lever een he minne operated et .finy time during the perzition o'i the driveto dieeonneet the diSkf-s end npply the broke.

.iloerfripti0nof Wirtin/iure elio/lon in Figs. fi and o.

ln this einbodinwnt oi the inventionj the ring; ge/:ir 12h the plcnnetnry peering hars termed on t: einer .eoroiee :i worm neer lli` ...i up .Y. 1..:0 ,i i .E w i par n l VH. min i t i. on. l. i. .Jim im on l n( i) .i n motor driven ehziit 112.

'.llhe planet green-1 125 :ire c-.orried b v n Spider 126 whieh in thin insitenee ie connected `to Vthe driven filiali 121.

The pinion 131 is enrried by n eheiit llit l. :ind lf3() re. in theV pin: dneetion opposite o the pinion 31 in` the other einlnn nio/ni ol the invention.

disk 141-1 dinpoeed et the outer periphery of the disk lett). The gearing is so proporA tioned tlmt when the disks nre positioned :1s started, the pinion 131 ond the ring' gear 12() will be driven :it euch speeds ne to neutralize the drive on the planet gein-e and the shalt 121 eonneeted to the plenot genre will. remain etntionnry. As the disk 1-l1 is moved on the shaft 1i12 the speed of pinion 131 will he reduced und the speed oit the driven shaft 121 will be increased end the ehntt 121 will reach itsl nniximnm speed when the pinion 131 reaches ite inininniin Speed. It desired, a broke Similar to the broke G0 een be ntilized to hold the die; L11 against rotation and the diek 1-10 een. he moved ont ot contact therewith therehjv maintaining the pinion 131 stationery.

In both ot the embodiment@ ot the invention illustrated, the driven itt is driven et o. slower speed than the drive ebn'ft but the reduction in :speed with gen1-ing ot the Seine ratio is lees with the structure shown in Fig. 3 than Vwith the structure shown in Fig. 6. In other words, the maximum epeed of the driven shaft will be greater with the structure Shown in Fig. 3 than with the strnetnre shown in lligj. 6 provided the drive shafts in both enses :ire driven at the sinne speed.

on lill will be driven in :t

me ,v1/imm 'ha Fig/i4. 5

lll)

leo

It will be understood that the foregoing statement is true of the particular gearing ratios shown but that gearing of different ratios can be used to obtain different results.`

It should be noted that the friction gearing or the drive between the disks does not perform any work and, furthermore, as the load on the driven shaft increases, the thrust on the worm forces the disks into closer fric tional contact. It should also be noted that when either of the transmissions described is utilized, no clutch is necessary. Furthermore, when the disks are in contact at their peripheries, the driven shaft will be rotated f at its slowest speed and as the movable disk is moved toward the axis of the driving disk, the speed of the driven shaft'will be increased.

Although certain specific embodiments of the invention have been particularly shown and described, it will be understood that the invention is capable of modification and that` changes in the construction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, as expressed in the following claims.

What I claim is:

l. Transmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear elements, namely pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft operatively connected to drive the pinion and one of the other elements, a driven shaft angularly disposed with respect to the drive shaft and operatively connected to the other of the three elements, and means for disconnecting the drive to the pinion and for stopping the pinion from rotating', comprising a brake for said pinion, a thrust actuated clutch in said drive, and a ratchet controlled member fnlcrumed in the axis of said drive shaft and operatively connected to said brake and clutch.

2. rTransmission mechanism comprising planet-ary gearing having three gear elements, namely pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft operatively connected Ato drive the pinion and one of the other elements,l a driven shaft angularly disposed with respect to the drive shaft and operatively1 connected to the other of the three elements, the operative connection to the pinion including means for varying the speed of the pinion, and means for stopping the pinion from rotating, said latter means comprising a ratchet controlled brake fulcrumed .in the axis of the drive shaft.

t). lransmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear elements, namely pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft operatively vconnected to drive the pinion and one of the other elements, a driven shaft angularly disposed with respect to the drive shaft and operatively connected to the other of the y three elements, the operative connection to the pinion including means for varying the speed of the pinion, and means for diseon necting the drive to the pinion andfor stopping the pinion from: rotating, said latter means comprising a brake for said pinion, a `tin-ust actuated clutch in said drive, and a ratchet controlled member fulcrumed in the axis of said drive shaft and operatively connected to said brake and clutch.` i I el. Transmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing including a pinion, a@

tion of the iinion said latter means com-` 3 l prising a ratchet controlled brake fulcrumed` in the axis of the drive shaft.

5. rfransmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear elements, namely pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft, means including a change speed disk driving connection between the drive shaft and pinion, a driving connect-ion between the drive shaft and another of said gear elements, a driven shaft angularly disposed with respect to said drive shaft and connected to the third gear element, and means for separating the disks and stopping the disk driving the pinion, comprising a thrust actuated clutch on said drive shaft, an arcuate brake band cradled for engagement with said last named disc, and a ratchet controlled mem- Y ber fulcrumed in the axis of the drive shaft and operatively connected to said clutch and brake.

6. Transmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear ele-` ments, namely, pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft, means including a change speed disk driving `connectionlbetween the drive shaft and pinion, a driving connection between the drive shaft and an other of said gear elements and a driven shaft connected to the third gear element, said driving connections including a worm gearing, the pitch of the worm being lsuch that an increase in the load on the driven shaft will force the disks of the change speed disk driving connection into closer frictional contact.

7. Transmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear ele` ments, namely, pinion, planet and ring gear elements, a drive shaft connected tol the planet, means to drive said pinion, a driven shaft connected to the ring gear element,

screw operated mechanism in axial align ment with and engageahle With said drive shaft, the pitch oii the screw being such ae to produce longitudinal thrust thereon, thereby to render said pinion drive :meane inoperative, nieanzsj for stopping rotation et the pinion colnpriamgl a brake fulcrinned in the axis of the drive shaft and connected to the screw operated mechanism to render the pinion drive inoperative Siinultaneouely with the application of the brake.

8. Traneinieeion mechanism comprising,l planetary gearing` having three gear elements, nan'iely, pinion, planet and ringl ear elemente, a dr'ive Shaft connected to the planet, an auxiliary friction drive for said drive Shaft to the pinion and a driven shaft connected to the ring;` gear elenwnt, insanel aligned axially with said drive .ehai't to dieconnect said 'friction drive, means iulcrurned in the axis of the drive elia'l't 'to stop rotation oit said pinion, Said latter nieane being connected to eaid liret ineane` to si multaneously disconnect said; friction drive and stop rotation of the pinion.

9. Transmission mechanism comprising planetary gearing having three gear ele mente, namely, pinion, planet, and ring gear elemente, a. drive shaft cenni-acted to the planete, an auxiliary friction drive from said drive Shaft to the pinion, and a driven eliait connected to the ring gear element, a Screw operated inechanieln in axial alignment with and engageahie With Said drive shaft, the pitch of the eciew being euch as to in'oduee leengitudinal thrust thereon, thereby to disconnect :laid it'riction drive, ineansi fer etciliping the pinion from rotation 'coinlilieingl a brake tulerumed in the axis; et the drive shaft and connected to the screw operated niechanifnn to Sinndtane oiinly disizonneet the friction drive upon the application of said brake.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto eet my hand Vthis` 28th day of May, 1925.

l/VILHELM B. BRONANDER. 

